Botulinum toxin, commonly known as Botox, is a neurotoxic protein produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum. In cosmetic dermatology, Botox is used as an injectable treatment to temporarily relax facial muscles, thereby reducing the appearance of wrinkles and fine lines.

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Botox works by blocking the signals from the nerves to the muscles, preventing them from contracting. This results in a smoothing effect on the skin, particularly in areas prone to dynamic wrinkles caused by repeated facial expressions, such as the forehead, between the eyebrows (glabellar lines), and around the eyes (crow's feet).